睡眠医学

Ronald D Chervin, MD, MS

• Editor-in-Chief — Sleep Medicine
• Section Editor — Pediatric Sleep Medicine
• Professor of Neurology
• University of Michigan

Nancy Collop, MD

• Editor-in-Chief — Sleep Medicine
• Section Editor — Sleep Related Breathing Disorders
• Professor of Medicine and Neurology
• Director, Emory Sleep Center, Emory University

Deputy Editors

April F Eichler, MD, MPH

• Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
• Deputy Editor — Neurology and Sleep Medicine
• Assistant Professor of Neurology
• Harvard Medical School

Geraldine Finlay, MD

• Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
• Deputy Editor — Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
• Associate Professor
• Tufts University School of Medicine

Alison G Hoppin, MD

• Deputy Editor — UpToDate, Pediatrics

Section Editors

Alon Y Avidan, MD, MPH

• Section Editor — Parasomnias and Sleep Related Movement Disorders
• Professor of Neurology
• David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA

M Safwan Badr, MD

• Section Editor — Sleep Related Breathing Disorders
• Professor and Chief, Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine
• Wayne State University School of Medicine

Ruth Benca, MD, PhD

• Section Editor — Insomnia
• Professor and Chair, Department of Psychiatry
• Kate Mills Snider Geropsychiatry Outreach Professor
• Wake Forest School of Medicine

Ronald D Chervin, MD, MS

• Editor-in-Chief — Sleep Medicine
• Section Editor — Pediatric Sleep Medicine
• Professor of Neurology
• University of Michigan

Nancy Collop, MD

• Editor-in-Chief — Sleep Medicine
• Section Editor — Sleep Related Breathing Disorders
• Professor of Medicine and Neurology
• Director, Emory Sleep Center, Emory University

Cathy A Goldstein, MD

• Section Editor — Circadian Rhythm Disorders
• Assistant Professor, Neurology
• University of Michigan Sleep Disorders Center

Susan M Harding, MD, FCCP, AGAF

• Section Editor — Diagnostic Testing
• Professor of Medicine
• University of Alabama at Birmingham

Thomas E Scammell, MD

• Section Editor — Hypersomnias
• Professor of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
• Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School

Editorial Assistants

Stephanie C Jones, MSc

• Senior Development Editor — UpToDate

Liz MacSteven, MA

• Manager, Editorial Training — UpToDate

Sarah Sussman, MA

• Senior Content Editing Associate — UpToDate

Authors

Sabra M Abbott, MD, PhD

• Assistant Professor of Neurology
• Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine

Raouf Samy Amin, MD

• Professor of Pediatrics
• University of Cincinnati

Sonia Ancoli-Israel, PhD

• Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry, Professor of Research
• University of California San Diego School of Medicine

Adi Aran, MD

• Neuropediatric Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center
• Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel

Donna L Arand, PhD

• Research Associate Professor
• Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine

J Todd Arnedt, PhD

• Associate Professor, Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology
• University of Michigan Medical School

Isabelle Arnulf, MD, PhD

• Professor of Neurology
• Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France

Dennis Auckley, MD

• Professor of Medicine
• Case Western Reserve University (MetroHealth Medical Center)

R Robert Auger, MD, FAASM, FAPA, DABPN

• Associate Professor of Medicine and Psychiatry
• Mayo Clinic College of Medicine

M Safwan Badr, MD

• Section Editor — Sleep Related Breathing Disorders
• Professor and Chief, Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine
• Wayne State University School of Medicine

Robert C Basner, MD

• Professor Emeritus of Medicine
• Columbia University

Christian R Baumann, MD

• Clinical Research Priority Program "Sleep and Health," Department of Neurology
• University of Zurich, Switzerland

Michael H Bonnet, PhD

• Professor, Department of Neurology
• Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine

Robert T Brouillette, MD

• Professor Emeritus
• McGill University, Montreal

Lee K Brown, MD

• Professor of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics
• Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering
• University of New Mexico

Keith L Cavanaugh, MD, FAAP, FCCP

• Adjunct Assistant Professor
• University of Minnesota

Philip Cheng, PhD

• Research Scientist
• Henry Ford Health System

Ronald D Chervin, MD, MS

• Editor-in-Chief — Sleep Medicine
• Section Editor — Pediatric Sleep Medicine
• Professor of Neurology
• University of Michigan

Frances Chung, MBBS, FRCPC

• Professor, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management
• University Health Network
• University of Toronto

Chiara Cirelli, MD, PhD

• Professor of Psychiatry
• U Wisconsin-Madison

Peter A Cistulli, MBBS, PhD, FRACP

• Professor of Sleep Medicine
• University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital

Nancy Collop, MD

• Editor-in-Chief — Sleep Medicine
• Section Editor — Sleep Related Breathing Disorders
• Professor of Medicine and Neurology
• Director, Emory Sleep Center, Emory University

Evelyn Constantin, MD, CM, MSc(Epi), FRCPC

• Associate Professor of Pediatrics, McGill University
• Director, Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Montreal Children's Hospital at the McGill University Health Centre
• Clinician-Scientist, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute

Antonio Culebras, MD

• Professor of Neurology
• Upstate Medical University

Aneesa M Das, MD

• Associate Professor of Medicine, The Ohio State University
• Wexner Medical Center

Jennifer L DeWolfe, DO

• Associate Professor of Neurology
• UAB Epilepsy Center
• University of Alabama at Birmingham

Christopher L Drake, PhD

• Director, Sleep Research Laboratory, Henry Ford Hospital
• Sleep Disorders and Research Center

April F Eichler, MD, MPH

• Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
• Deputy Editor — Neurology and Sleep Medicine
• Assistant Professor of Neurology
• Harvard Medical School

James C Fang, MD

• Professor of Medicine
• University of Utah

Steven H Feinsilver, MD

• Professor of Medicine
• Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell

Geraldine Finlay, MD

• Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
• Deputy Editor — Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
• Associate Professor
• Tufts University School of Medicine

Nancy Foldvary-Schaefer, DO, MS

• Professor of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University
• Director, Cleveland Clinic Sleep Disorders Center

Neil Freedman, MD

• Head, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunology
• North Shore University Health System, Evanston, IL
• Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine

Charlene E Gamaldo, MD, FAASM, FAAN

• Associate Professor, Department of Neurology, Medicine, Psychiatry, and Nursing
• Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine
• Associate Professor, Department of Health Policy & Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health

Karen Gamble, PhD

• Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology
• University of Alabama at Birmingham

Susan L Garetz, MD, MS

• Professor Emeritus Clinical Professor
• Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery and Neurology Sleep Disorders Center
• University of Michigan Health System

Geoffrey E Gerstner, DDS, MS, PhD

• Associate Professor of Dentistry and Psychology
• University of Michigan

Daniel G Glaze, MD

• Professor of Pediatrics and Neurology
• Baylor College of Medicine

Cathy A Goldstein, MD

• Section Editor — Circadian Rhythm Disorders
• Assistant Professor, Neurology
• University of Michigan Sleep Disorders Center

Madeleine Grigg-Damberger, MD

• Professor of Neurology
• University of New Mexico School of Medicine

Indira Gurubhagavatula, MD, MPH

• Associate Professor, Division of Sleep Medicine
• Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania

Ann C Halbower, MD

• Professor, Pediatric Pulmonary Section
• University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado

Patrick J Hanly, MD, FRCPC, MRCPI, DABSM

• Professor of Medicine
• University of Calgary, Canada

Nicholas S Hill, MD

• Professor of Medicine
• Tufts University School of Medicine

Jeremy M Hirst, MD

• Clinical Professor of Psychiatry
• UC San Diego School of Medicine
• Associate Director, Palliative Care Psychiatry
• Associate Director of Psychiatry and Psychological Services, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego Health

Alison G Hoppin, MD

• Deputy Editor — UpToDate, Pediatrics

Michael Howell, MD

• Assistant Professor of Neurology
• University of Minnesota Medical School

Scott A Irwin, MD, PhD

• Professor of Psychiatry
• Director, Patient and Family Support Program
• Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute
• Cedars-Sinai Health System

Anna Ivanenko, MD, PhD

• Professor of Clinical Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
• Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine

Douglas C Johnson, MD

• Associate Professor, Department of Medicine
• Tufts University School of Medicine

Brooke G Judd, MD

• Assistant Professor of Psychiatry (Sleep Medicine) and Medicine
• Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center

Vishesh K Kapur, MD, MPH

• Professor and Director of Sleep Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of Washington
• Co-Director, UW Medicine Sleep Center

Anoop Karippot, MD, FAASM

• Medical Director
• AKANE Institute of Allergy Asthma and Sleep Medicine

Erin M Kirkham, MD, MPH

• Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology
• University of Michigan

Douglas Kirsch, MD, FAASM

• Clinical Professor
• UNC School of Medicine

Lewis R Kline, MD

• Associate Professor of Medicine
• Temple University School of Medicine

Suresh Kotagal, MD

• Professor Emeritus, Department of Neurology
• Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

Naomi R Kramer, MD

• Assistant Professor of Medicine
• Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University

Meir H Kryger, MD, FRCPC

• Professor of Medicine
• Yale University

Tomasz J Kuzniar, MD, PhD, FCCP, FAASM

• Assistant Professor of Medicine
• NorthShore University HealthSystem, University of Chicago

Won Lee, MD

• Associate Professor, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
• Medical Director, Sleep and Breathing Disorders Center
• University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

Miranda M Lim, MD, PhD

• Staff Neurologist, VA Portland Health Care System
• Associate Professor, Departments of Neurology, Medicine, and Behavioral Neuroscience
• Oregon Health & Science University

Judette Louis, MD, MPH

• Associate Professor of Obstetrics & Gynecology
• University of South Florida

Atul Malhotra, MD

• Peter C Farrell Professor, Department of Medicine
• University of California, San Diego

Jennifer L Martin, PhD

• Professor of Medicine
• David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA

Thomas J Martin, MD

• Associate Professor of Medicine
• Virginia Tech-Carilion School of Medicine
• Assistant Professor of Medicine
• Edward Via Virginia College of Osteopathic Medicine
• Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine
• University of Virginia School of Medicine

Kiran Maski, MD

• Instructor, Harvard Medical School
• Clinician in Sleep and Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital

Valerie McLaughlin Crabtree, PhD

• Chief, Psychosocial Services
• Member, Department of Psychology
• St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital

Reena Mehra, MD, MS, FCCP, FAASM

• Associate Professor of Medicine
• Director of Sleep Disorders Research
• Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University

Emmanuel Mignot, MD, PhD

• Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
• Stanford University School of Medicine

Richard P Millman, MD

• Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics
• Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University

Anne Marie Morse, DO

• Clinical Associate Professor, Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine
• Geisinger Medical Center, Janet Weis Children's Hospital

Istvan Mucsi, MD, PhD

• Associate Professor of Medicine
• Department of Medicine (Nephrology), University of Toronto

Brian James Murray, MD, FRCPC D, ABSM

• Professor of Neurology, Department of Medicine
• Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto

Ariel B Neikrug, PhD

• Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
• University of California, Irvine

David N Neubauer, MD

• Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry
• Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Eric Olson, MD

• Professor of Medicine
• Mayo Clinic College of Medicine

William G Ondo, MD

• Weill Cornell Medical School
• Director, Movement Disorders, Methodist Neurological Center

Judith A Owens, MD, MPH

• Director of Sleep Medicine
• Boston Children's Hospital

Sairam Parthasarathy, MD

• Professor of Medicine
• University of Arizona

Shalini Paruthi, MD

• Adjunct Associate Professor
• Saint Louis University School of Medicine

Jean Louis Pepin, MD, PhD

• Professor of Clinical Physiology
• University Joseph Fourier

Daniel L Picchietti, MD

• Clinical Professor Emeritus, University of Illinois School of Medicine at Urbana-Champaign
• Clinical Professor, Carle Illinois College of Medicine
• Carle Sleep Disorders Center, Carle Foundation Hospital

Grace W Pien, MD, MS

• Assistant Professor of Medicine
• Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
• Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Andreas Pierratos, MD, FRCPC

• Professor of Medicine
• University of Toronto, Canada

Amanda Piper, PhD

• Associate Professor
• Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney

Brianne Barnett Roby, MD

• Assistant Professor
• University of Minnesota

Timothy Roehrs, PhD

• Director of Research
• Henry Ford Sleep Disorders Clinic

Gerald M Rosen, MD

• Associate Professor of Pediatrics
• University of Minnesota Medical School

Thomas Roth, PhD

• Adjunct Clinical Professor of Psychiatry
• University of Michigan

James A Rowley, MD

• Professor of Medicine
• Wayne State University School of Medicine

Rachel Marie E Salas, MD, MEd

• Associate Professor of Neurology, Medicine, and Nursing
• Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine

Michael J Sateia, MD

• Professor of Psychiatry (Sleep Medicine), Emeritus
• Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth

Thomas E Scammell, MD

• Section Editor — Hypersomnias
• Professor of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
• Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School

Carlos H Schenck, MD

• Professor of Psychiatry
• University of Minnesota Medical School

David Schulman, MD, MPH, FCCP

• Professor of Medicine
• Associate Division Director for Education Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine
• Emory University School of Medicine

Richard J Schwab, MD

• Professor of Medicine
• University of Pennsylvania Medical Center

Edwin Seet Chuen Ping, MBBS, MMed

• Adjunct Associate Professor
• Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
• Adjunct Associate Professor
• Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore

Shirin Shafazand, MD, MS, FRCP(C), FCCP, FAASM

• Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine
• University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine

Katherine M Sharkey, MD, PhD

• Associate Professor, University Medicine Sleep Center
• Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry & Human Behavior
• The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University

Stephen H Sheldon, DO, FAAP

• Professor of Pediatrics and Neurology
• Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine

Michael H Silber, MBChB

• Professor of Neurology
• Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science

David Smith, MD, PhD

• Assistant Professor
• Divisions of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Pulmonary Medicine
• University of Cincinnati

Erik K St Louis, MD, MS

• Associate Professor of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
• Co-Director, Center for Sleep Medicine
• Departments of Neurology and Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation

S Justin Thomas, PhD

• Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry
• Divisions of Behavioral Neurobiology and Adult Psychiatry
• The University of Alabama at Birmingham

Bradley V Vaughn, MD

• Professor of Neurology, Biomedical Engineering and Allied Health
• University of North Carolina

Edward M Weaver, MD, MPH

• Professor and Chief of Sleep Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Washington
• Co-Director, UW Medicine Sleep Center

Terri E Weaver, PhD, RN, FAAN, ATSF

• Professor Emerita of Biobehavioral Nursing Science
• Dean Emerita
• College of Nursing
• University of Illinois Chicago
• Professor Emerita School of Nursing
• University of Pennsylvania

John W Winkelman, MD, PhD

• Chief, Sleep Disorders Clinical Research Program
• Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology
• Massachusetts General Hospital
• Professor of Psychiatry
• Harvard Medical School

Merrill S Wise, MD

• Pediatric Sleep Medicine Specialist
• Mid-South Pulmonary and Sleep Specialists

Lisa Wolfe, MD

• Associate Professor of Medicine
• Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine

Brendon Yee, MBChB, PhD

• Associate Professor, University of Sydney
• Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Sydney, Woolcock Institute of Research

Rochelle Zak, MD

• Associate Physician
• UCSF Sleep Disorders Center

Peer Reviewers

Kelly Carden, MD

• Researcher, Middle Tennessee State University
• Lead Fellowship Educator, Sleep Centers of Middle Tennessee

Dawn Dore-Stites, PhD

• Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics
• University of Michigan Health System

Cathy A Goldstein, MD

• Section Editor — Circadian Rhythm Disorders
• Assistant Professor, Neurology
• University of Michigan Sleep Disorders Center

Vishesh K Kapur, MD, MPH

• Professor and Director of Sleep Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of Washington
• Co-Director, UW Medicine Sleep Center

Rami Khayat, MD

• Professor, Medicine and Psychiatry and Human Behavior
• Director, UCI Sleep Disorders Center
• Director, Pulmonary and Critical Care Fellowship Program

Lawrence E Kline, DO, FAASM, FACP, FCCP

• Associate Clinical Professor, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, UCSD
• Senior Consultant, Scripps Clinic Medical Group
• Associate Adjunct Professor, The Scripps Research Institute

Shalini Paruthi, MD

• Adjunct Associate Professor
• Saint Louis University School of Medicine

Michael J Sateia, MD

• Professor of Psychiatry (Sleep Medicine), Emeritus
• Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth

Richard J Schwab, MD

• Professor of Medicine
• University of Pennsylvania Medical Center

Narong Simakajornboon, MD

• Professor and Director, Sleep Center
• Director, Sleep Medicine Fellowship Training Program
• Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine
• Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center

Merrill S Wise, MD

• Pediatric Sleep Medicine Specialist
• Mid-South Pulmonary and Sleep Specialists